共感染宿主的疾病严重程度：感染顺序的重要性

数据集获取

源站：https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0gb5mkmcb

标准获取流程：

1. 访问源站链接，注册/登录账号；
2. 进入数据集详情页，按页面指引申请权限或直接下载；
3. 部分平台提供 SDK，例如：
   • OpenDataLab: pip install openxlab 后 openxlab.dataset.get(...)
   • ModelScope: pip install modelscope 后 modelscope download
   • 天池: 登录后页面提供直链下载
     以源站「数据下载/使用文档」页面为准。

数据集大小约 914.2 KB。

数据说明

When hosts are simultaneously infected by different pathogens, the severity of the disease might be exacerbated compared to hosts harboring single infections. The reasons underlying these changes in parasite virulence are manifold. Here, we investigated the importance for the infection outcome of order and timing of infection. We used a model of rodent coinfection between two parasites that do not compete for common resources, an intestinal nematode (Heligmosomoides polygyrus) and an apicomplexan protozoan (Plasmodium yoelii). During single infections, H. polygyrus induced only mild disease symptoms. Plasmodium produced a substantial reduction in the number of red blood cells, but all mice recovered from the infection. A different picture emerged in coinfected hosts. Heligmosomoides maintained a profile of mostly asymptomatic infection whatever the order of the infection (first or second). On the contrary, P. yoelii incurred substantially higher costs in hosts that had been previously infected with H. polygyrus (independently of the timing of infection). We then investigated the possible reasons underlying the increase of Plasmodium virulence in coinfected hosts. We found that coinfected hosts were less able to control Plasmodium multiplication and to recover from infection-induced anemia. Coinfected hosts had similar levels of erythropoietin and similar renewal of lost red blood cells, resulting in decreased tolerance to Plasmodium infection. Experimental administration of erythropoietin in coinfected hosts, partially decreased the severity of disease symptoms and improved tolerance. The detoxification of free heme released during the lysis of red blood cells, and the expression of Th1 and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes were also similar between coinfected and single infected hosts. However, coinfected mice had higher proportions of regulatory T cells expressing the CTLA-4 immune checkpoint, suggesting an enhanced immunosuppressive activity of T regs. Plasmodium

数据加载示例（图像类）

from PIL import Image
import glob, os

files = (glob.glob(os.path.join(path, "**", "*.png"), recursive=True)
       + glob.glob(os.path.join(path, "**", "*.jpg"), recursive=True)
       + glob.glob(os.path.join(path, "**", "*.tif"), recursive=True))
print("图像文件数:", len(files))
img = Image.open(files[0]); print("尺寸/模式:", img.size, img.mode)

# torchvision Dataset 方式:
# from torchvision import datasets
# ds = datasets.ImageFolder(path)  # 要求 子目录=类别

目录组织与标注格式以源站说明和下载后实际文件为准。